BARCELONA IMPULSA UNA CENTRAL DE GENERACIÓ D’ENERGIES

L’alcalde, Jordi Hereu, i la segona tinent d’alcalde, Imma Mayol, presenten aquesta instal·lació pionera que permetrà reduir un 1,2% el consum anual d’energia elèctrica a la ciutat

És una iniciativa pionera a tot l’Estat espanyol i al sud d’Europa. L’Ajuntament de Barcelona ha iniciat els tràmits per a la construcció de la Central de Generació d’Energies de Barcelona Sud, que estarà ubicada al nou barri de la Marina.

Aquesta moderna instal·lació estarà formada per diferents centrals o sistemes que, per mitjà de diversos processos, aprofitaran energia residual que ara no s’utilitza per transformar-la en energia elèctrica o generar aigua freda o calenta. Aquestes són les principals instal·lacions que es posaran en marxa en el nou complex.

Xarxa de distribució de fred i calor

L’Ajuntament construirà la xarxa de calor i fred de Barcelona Sud, que tindrà uns 5 quilòmetres de longitud i estarà formada per quatre tubs. Aquesta mena de xarxes serveixen per proveir edificis d’aigua calenta i freda per climatitzar-los.

Aquest sistema permet una millor eficiència energètica davant les calderes o equips d’aire condicionat individuals. De fet, aquest sistema ja funciona amb èxit en algunes zones del districte 22@ o del Fòrum.

Central de biomassa

Aquest nou equipament aprofitarà els residus verds urbans procedents de la poda dels arbres o dels subproductes de jardineria per cremar-los i convertir-los en energia elèctrica.

El benefici d’aquest procés és doble: d’una banda s’estalvia el cost que comporta l’eliminació d’aquests productes (uns 300.000 euros l’any), i de l’altra, s’obté energia a partir de recursos locals i renovables.

Central de trigeneració

La Central de Trigeneració de Barcelona Sud generarà electricitat, calor i fred. Inicialment estarà formada per dos motogeneradors i diversos equips que produeixen fred i calor. Tant la planta de trigeneració com la central de biomassa s’ubicaran a la parcel·la on hi havia la central d’energies de la SEAT, a la Zona Franca, a tocar de la ronda del Litoral.

Sistema d’aprofitament del fred de regasificació

L’Ajuntament també posarà en marxa un sistema que aprofitarà el fred residual que es genera a la planta regasificadora del port de Barcelona. Avui dia, els vaixells provinents d’Argèlia transporten gas liquat a ?160 graus. Per poder distribuir aquesta energia, cal convertir aquest gas liquat en gasós, mitjançant un procés de vaporització que permet extreure-li el fred.

Amb el nou sistema que es posarà en marxa, el fred residual que es genera es reutilitzarà per climatitzar zones urbanes.

Segons ha destacat l’alcalde de Barcelona, aquest projecte d’Innovació i Desenvolupament (I+D) és el resultat de cinc anys de treball i de diversos estudis que s’han portat a terme en els últims cinc anys gràcies al conveni que va signar l’Agència d’Energia de Barcelona, l’IDAE (Instituto para la Diversificación y Ahorro de Energía) i l’empresa Enegas.

Terminis per a la posada en marxa

Segons les previsions municipals, part de les noves instal·lacions (la xarxa de distribució de fred i calor, la central de biomassa i la central de trigeneració) estaran en funcionament el segon semestre de 2010. Pel que fa al sistema d’aprofitament del fred de la regasificació, les previsions apunten que estarà operativa el primer semestre de 2012.

Tant Jordi Hereu com Imma Mayol han destacat els beneficis energètics i ambientals d’aquesta iniciativa. Segons els estudis preliminars, la posada en marxa de les noves instal·lacions reduirà en un 1,2% el consum anual d’energia elèctrica a la cituat.

Així mateix, s’estima que les emissions evitades seran unes 9.200 tones de CO2 a l’any, és a dir, l’equivalent a la quantitat anual que absorbiria un bosc mediterrani que cobrís el 10% del territori de la ciutat.

Servei per a Barcelona i per a l’Hospitalet

L’alcalde també ha destacat que la central de generació d’energies és fruït de l’aposta decidida de l’Ajuntament de Barcelona que, des de fa anys, té el compromís de crear un model energètic basat en l’estalvi i l’ús eficient de recursos renovables. Com a prova d’aquesta voluntat, ha citat l’aprovació de l’Agenda 21 o el Pla de millora energètica de Barcelona.

Les noves instal·lacions, que tindran un cost de 32 milions d’euros, donaran servei a una zona limítrofa entre Barcelona i l’Hospitalet de Llobregat així com a zones de l’Autoritat Portuària i del Consorci de la Zona Franca.

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